{
  "source": "DWP Stat-Xplore (June 2025); MHCLG Social Housing Lettings (2024/25); Home Office Asylum Support Statistics (2025)",
  "universal_credit": {
    "total_uc_claimants_june_2025": 7900000,
    "foreign_national_claimants_june_2025": 1260000,
    "foreign_national_pct": 16.4,
    "total_uc_payments_to_fn_2024_bn": 10.1,
    "monthly_payment_march_2025_m": 941,
    "monthly_payment_march_2024_m": 726,
    "monthly_increase_pct": 29.6,
    "by_nationality_group": [
      {"group": "EU nationals", "claimants": 770379, "note": "Citizens of EU member states with settled/pre-settled status or indefinite leave"},
      {"group": "Non-EU with indefinite leave to remain", "claimants": 211090},
      {"group": "Refugees", "claimants": 118749},
      {"group": "Humanitarian visa holders", "claimants": 54156},
      {"group": "Time-limited visa holders", "claimants": 75267},
      {"group": "Other/unknown", "claimants": 33240}
    ],
    "by_arrival_route": [
      {"route": "Arrived to work", "claimants": 663000, "pct": 35},
      {"route": "Arrived as dependant or family", "claimants": 580000, "pct": 30},
      {"route": "Arrived to study", "claimants": 179500, "pct": 9.4},
      {"route": "Arrived as asylum seeker/refugee", "claimants": 140000, "pct": 11},
      {"route": "Other/unknown", "claimants": 140000, "pct": 11}
    ],
    "note": "Asylum seekers with a pending claim are not eligible for Universal Credit and receive separate Section 95 support. Figures include those with settled/pre-settled status, ILR, and those on visas with recourse to public funds.",
    "source_detail": "DWP Stat-Xplore UC claimant nationality data. Reported by Migration Central and GB News (2025). Methodology: DWP nationality recording is incomplete for some claimants."
  },
  "asylum_support": {
    "section_95_weekly_rate_2025": 49.18,
    "total_in_ho_accommodation_sept_2025": 111651,
    "in_hotels_contingency_sept_2025": 36273,
    "hotels_pct_of_total": 32,
    "annual_hotel_cost_estimate_bn": 2.3,
    "note": "Asylum seekers with a pending claim receive Section 95 support (£49.18/week in 2025) and may be housed in Home Office accommodation including hotels. They are NOT eligible for Universal Credit or other mainstream benefits.",
    "source": "Home Office Asylum Statistics (Sep 2025); Refugee Council"
  },
  "social_housing": {
    "source": "MHCLG Social Housing Lettings England 2024/25 (GOV.UK)",
    "period": "April 2024 to March 2025",
    "total_new_social_lettings": 262000,
    "uk_nationals_pct": 89,
    "uk_nationals_count": 233000,
    "eu_nationals_pct": 4,
    "eu_nationals_count": 10000,
    "non_eea_nationals_pct": 8,
    "non_eea_nationals_count": 20000,
    "eligibility_note": "Migrants on visas with No Recourse to Public Funds (NRPF) are not eligible for social housing. Most non-UK tenants have settled status, ILR, or refugee status which grants full recourse to public funds.",
    "homelessness": {
      "total_assessed_homeless_2024_25": 330410,
      "non_uk_head_of_household_pct": 22,
      "non_uk_head_of_household_count": 71580,
      "eea_citizen_head_pct": 7,
      "refugee_status_head_pct": 6,
      "source": "MHCLG Homelessness Statistics 2024/25"
    }
  },
  "nrpf": {
    "description": "No Recourse to Public Funds (NRPF) is a condition attached to most non-EEA visas that prevents access to public funds including Universal Credit, Housing Benefit, social housing, and other benefits.",
    "estimated_nrpf_population": 1400000,
    "source": "JCWI estimate (2022); updated estimates not available",
    "note": "People with NRPF cannot access mainstream welfare. However, their UK-born children may be entitled to benefits as British citizens."
  },
  "context": "The data shows that approximately 16.4% of Universal Credit claimants are non-UK/non-Irish nationals as of June 2025, broadly proportionate to their share of the working-age population. Most foreign national UC claimants have full recourse to public funds (settled status, ILR, or refugee status). Asylum seekers with pending claims cannot claim UC. The significant rise in monthly payments (£726m to £941m in one year) reflects the growing settled migrant population rather than new arrivals."
}